Founded on my research for the “Minors vs Majors” chapter in my book, “Hardball Retroactive” paired with complementary articles “Minors vs. Majors: The Top Minor League Batters in the Expansion Era” and “Minors vs. Majors: The Top Minor League Pitchers in the Expansion Era“, the ensuing series will reveal the Minor League All-Star rosters for every MLB franchise based primarily on single-season statistics in Runs Created / 140 Games (batters) and Fielding Independent Pitching (pitchers).
Selection Criteria
- individual seasons in the Expansion Era (1961 – 2017)
- levels A through AAA
- ages 24 or younger (A and A+)
- age 25 seasons (AA and AAA)
- age 26 seasons (AAA)
Terminology
RC – Runs Created – using the basic formula devised by Bill James:
((H + BB) * TB) / (AB + BB)
Note: I utilized the basic formula as opposed to the Technical Version due to
incomplete GIDP and IBB data.
RC/140 – Runs Created per 140 Games as Minor League ballplayers
RC / (G / 140)
FIP – Fielding Independent Pitching – “Fielding Independent Pitching converts a pitcher’s three true outcomes into an earned run average-like number. The formula is (13*HR+3*(HBP+BB)-2*K)/IP, plus a constant (usually around 3.2) to put it on the same scale as earned run average.
FIP is a component ERA inspired by the work of Voros McCracken on defense-independent pitching statistics, but has become more widely used because of the ease of computation – it requires only four easily-found box score stats, uses only basic arithmetic operations and has four easily-memorized constants. It was conceived of by both Tom Tango and Clay Dreslough, the latter of who called it Defense-Independent Component ERA.” (definition courtesy of Baseball Prospectus Glossary).
((13*HR+3*(HBP+BB)-2*K)/IP)+3.2)
Assessment
The Arizona Diamondbacks
Erubiel Durazo cruised through the upper minors in ‘99, sustaining a .404 BA with 24 round-trippers and a .703 SLG after the D-Backs purchased his contract from the Monterrey Sultanes (Mexican League). Outfielders Adam C. Eaton (.450) and Jack Cust (.445) pace the Snakes in career minor league on-base percentage. Paul Goldschmidt enters the 2018 campaign with five consecutive All-Star appearances and three top-five finishes in the NL MVP balloting. “Goldy” paced the Senior Circuit with 36 jacks and 125 ribbies in 2013 subsequent to posting League-best home run totals in each of his three minor league seasons. Mark Reynolds launched at least 30 long balls in four MLB seasons despite whiffing in 35.5% of his at-bats. The “Sheriff of Swattingham” slashed .318 / .401 / .633 while dividing 2006 between Lancaster (A+) and Tennessee (AA). Scott Hairston clubbed 106 circuit clouts across 11 MLB seasons as a part-time outfielder after hammering 93 four-baggers and logging 120 RC/140 in the Arizona system. Collin Cowgill registered 100.3 RC/140 during his stint as a Diamondbacks farmhand and earned playing time in parts of six seasons (2011-16) with five MLB organizations as a spare outfielder. Jarrod Patterson merited cups of coffee with Detroit (2001) and Kansas City (2003) following a productive two-year stint among the Arizona affiliates in which he averaged .347 with 43 two-base knocks, 19 taters, 100 ribbies and 99 runs scored. Craig Ansman supplied a .294 BA and slugged .541 in a six-year minor league career.
Four-time All-Star outfielder Justin Upton (#1, 2005) logged career-bests in doubles (44), home runs (35) and RBI (109) in 2017. “J-Up” reached the Majors ten years earlier during his age-19 campaign after slashing .319 / .410 / .551 for the Visalia Oaks (A+) and Mobile BayBears (AA). Jake Lamb supplied 30 taters and 98 ribbies per year over two seasons with the D-Backs (2016-17) subsequent to delivering a .327 BA with 39 two-base knocks throughout the upper minors in 2014. Lyle Overbay crafted a .342 BA as an Arizona prospect and rapped 38 doubles per year spanning seven seasons (2004-2010) including an NL-best 53 two-base hits in ’04. Conor Jackson (#1, 2003) smacked 35 doubles annually across three seasons (2003-05) prior to his promotion to the big leagues in July 2005. Miguel Montero manufactured a .326 BA with 26 four-baggers and 95 RBI while splitting the ’05 season between the Lancaster JetHawks (A+) and the Tennessee Smokies (AA). Alberto Callaspo made his MLB debut in August 2006 following a fantastic stint with the Tucson Sidewinders (AAA) encompassing a .337 BA with 43 extra-base hits and 93 tallies. Mitch Haniger (.321/25/94) soared through the upper minors to attain big league status in August 2016. First-sacker Christian Walker (.309/32/114) registered 104 runs scored and laced 34 two-baggers to complement a .597 SLG for the Reno Aces (AAA) in 2017.
Brad Penny (16-4, 3.03) placed third in the 2007 NL Cy Young race after whiffing 10.9 per nine innings through 45 starts with the Arizona affiliates. Brett Anderson (11-7, 3.07) posted 125 strikeouts in 120.1 innings pitched during his lone campaign in the D-Backs system prior to his inclusion in an eight-player trade with Oakland in December 2007. Former Halos first-rounder Tyler Skaggs fashioned an ERA of 3.32 and struck out 9.9 batters per nine innings across 71 minor league starts as a member of the Diamondbacks. Appearing in 25 contests for the Kane County Cougars (A) and Visalia Rawhide (A+) during his first full season, Jon Duplantier (12-3, 1.39) racked up 165 strikeouts over 132 innings pitched. Tony R. Pena averaged 73 relief outings spanning a three-year period (2007-09) for the Snakes and the Pale Hose subsequent to furnishing a record of 9-5 with an ERA of 2.86 at South Bend (A) in ’03.
| Starting Lineup | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | POS | RC140 | BA | HR | RBI | OBP | SLG |
| Adam C. Eaton* | 23 | 2012 | REN,MOB | AAA,AA | CF | 130.1 | 0.375 | 7 | 48 | 0.456 | 0.523 |
| Collin Cowgill | 25 | 2011 | REN | AAA | RF | 134 | 0.354 | 13 | 70 | 0.430 | 0.554 |
| Erubiel Durazo* | 25 | 1999 | ELP,TUC | AA,AAA | DH | 176.6 | 0.404 | 24 | 83 | 0.489 | 0.703 |
| Paul Goldschmidt | 23 | 2011 | MOB | AA | 1B | 134.8 | 0.306 | 30 | 94 | 0.435 | 0.626 |
| Jack Cust* | 20 | 1999 | HDS | A+ | LF | 149.2 | 0.334 | 32 | 112 | 0.450 | 0.651 |
| Scott Hairston | 22 | 2002 | SBN,LNR | A,A+ | 2B | 132.8 | 0.345 | 22 | 98 | 0.429 | 0.603 |
| Jarrod Patterson* | 25 | 1999 | TUC,ELP | AAA,AA | 3B | 136.4 | 0.358 | 19 | 98 | 0.448 | 0.589 |
| Mark Reynolds | 22 | 2006 | LNR,KNX | A+,AA | SS | 129 | 0.318 | 31 | 98 | 0.401 | 0.633 |
| Craig Ansman | 23 | 2001 | SBN | A | C- | 118.6 | 0.330 | 21 | 82 | 0.402 | 0.623 |
| Bench | Age | Teams | Levels | POS | RC140 | BA | HR | RBI | OBP | SLG | |
| Jamie D’Antona | 26 | 2008 | TUC | AAA | 3B | 131.2 | 0.365 | 21 | 79 | 0.405 | 0.604 |
| Conor Jackson | 23 | 2005 | TUC | AAA | 1B | 128.9 | 0.354 | 8 | 73 | 0.457 | 0.553 |
| Brandon Allen* | 25 | 2011 | REN | AAA | 1B | 126.7 | 0.306 | 18 | 66 | 0.427 | 0.579 |
| Josh Whitesell* | 26 | 2008 | TUC | AAA | 1B | 124.7 | 0.328 | 26 | 110 | 0.425 | 0.568 |
| Ketel Marte# | 23 | 2017 | REN | AAA | SS | 123.8 | 0.338 | 6 | 41 | 0.391 | 0.514 |
| Christian Walker | 26 | 2017 | REN | AAA | 1B | 123.7 | 0.309 | 32 | 114 | 0.382 | 0.597 |
| Ryan Wheeler* | 23 | 2012 | REN | AAA | 3B | 122.8 | 0.351 | 15 | 90 | 0.388 | 0.572 |
| Cesar Nicolas | 23 | 2005 | SBN | A | 1B | 120.9 | 0.302 | 21 | 70 | 0.428 | 0.594 |
| Lyle Overbay* | 24 | 2001 | ELP | AA | 1B | 120.9 | 0.352 | 13 | 100 | 0.423 | 0.528 |
| Mitch Haniger | 25 | 2016 | REN,MOB | AAA,AA | CF | 118.3 | 0.321 | 25 | 94 | 0.419 | 0.581 |
| Andy Green | 26 | 2004 | TUC | AAA | 3B | 118 | 0.327 | 9 | 45 | 0.394 | 0.534 |
| Miguel Montero* | 21 | 2005 | LNR,KNX | A+,AA | C- | 117.5 | 0.326 | 26 | 95 | 0.382 | 0.562 |
| Jake Lamb* | 23 | 2014 | MOB,REN | AA,AAA | 3B | 117.1 | 0.327 | 15 | 84 | 0.407 | 0.566 |
| Justin Upton | 19 | 2007 | MOB,VIS | AA,A+ | CF | 116.9 | 0.319 | 18 | 70 | 0.410 | 0.551 |
| Alberto Callaspo# | 23 | 2006 | TUC | AAA | 2B | 116.3 | 0.337 | 7 | 68 | 0.404 | 0.478 |
| Starters | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | FIP | WLSV | ERA | WHIP | BB9 | SO9 |
| Jon Duplantier | 22 | 2017 | KNC,VIS | A,A+ | 2.41 | 12-3 | 1.39 | 0.978 | 2.8 | 10.9 |
| Tyler Skaggs* | 19 | 2011 | VIS,MOB | A+,AA | 2.58 | 9-6 | 2.96 | 1.107 | 2.8 | 11.3 |
| Tony R. Pena | 21 | 2003 | SBN | A | 2.65 | 9-5 | 2.87 | 1.118 | 1.7 | 6.7 |
| Brad Penny | 20 | 1998 | HDS | A+ | 2.67 | 14-5 | 2.96 | 1.055 | 1.9 | 11.4 |
| Brett Anderson* | 19 | 2007 | SBN,VIS | A,A+ | 2.69 | 11-7 | 3.07 | 1.224 | 1.6 | 9.4 |
| Relievers | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | FIP | WLSV | ERA | WHIP | BB9 | SO9 |
| Zac Curtis* | 22 | 2015 | KNC | A | 1.63 | 33 | 1.33 | 0.833 | 2 | 12.5 |
| Matt Elliott | 21 | 2005 | SBN | A | 2.15 | 32 | 2.16 | 1.052 | 3.7 | 11.8 |
| Silvino Bracho | 22 | 2015 | MOB,VIS | AA,A+ | 1.73 | 19 | 1.61 | 0.896 | 1.8 | 13.1 |
| Colin Poche* | 23 | 2017 | VIS,KNC | A+,A | 1.10 | 3 | 1.26 | 0.978 | 3.4 | 14.6 |
| Gabriel Moya* | 21 | 2016 | VIS,KNC | A+,A | 1.87 | 5 | 1.57 | 0.87 | 2.4 | 11.7 |
| Bench | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | FIP | WLSV | ERA | WHIP | BB9 | SO9 |
| Charles Brewer | 22 | 2010 | VIS,SBN | A+,A | 2.71 | 11-8 | 2.46 | 1.092 | 2.1 | 9.2 |
| Bryan Augenstein | 21 | 2008 | SBN,VIS | A,A+ | 2.73 | 7-5 | 2.75 | 1.098 | 1 | 6.8 |
| Anthony Banda* | 21 | 2015 | VIS | A+ | 2.73 | 8-8 | 3.33 | 1.25 | 2.3 | 9 |
| Henry Garcia* | 23 | 2013 | SBN | A | 2.13 | 0 | 2.25 | 0.95 | 1.5 | 9.4 |
| Bryan Woodall | 23 | 2010 | VIS,MOB | A+,AA | 2.20 | 9 | 2.76 | 1.274 | 1.9 | 11 |
| Ryan Doherty | 22 | 2006 | SBN | A | 2.28 | 5 | 2.6 | 1.125 | 2.9 | 11 |
Honorable Mention
Carlos Quentin (#1, 2003) launched 36 moon-shots, knocked in 100 baserunners and placed fifth in the 2008 AL MVP balloting after slashing .313 /.428 / .527 as a Diamondbacks phenom. Acquired from the White Sox in a four-player deal in December 2005, Chris B. Young punched his ticket to the Majors with 57 extra-base hits and a .532 SLG for Tucson (AAA) in the ensuing campaign. Chad Tracy composed a .335 BA in the Arizona farm system. Chris Capuano managed an ERA of 2.22 ERA and struck out 9.3 batters per nine innings while hurling for the South Bend Silver Hawks (A) in his first professional season (2000).
| Batter | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | POS | RC140 | BA | HR | RBI | OBP | SLG |
| Chris W. Carter* | 24 | 2007 | TUC | AAA | 1B | 112.1 | 0.324 | 18 | 84 | 0.383 | 0.521 |
| Chris Rahl | 22 | 2006 | LNR | A+ | CF | 111.7 | 0.327 | 13 | 83 | 0.369 | 0.502 |
| Jeff Cook* | 24 | 2005 | LNR | A+ | RF | 111.7 | 0.314 | 19 | 89 | 0.366 | 0.530 |
| Jake Elmore | 25 | 2012 | REN | AAA | SS | 111.7 | 0.344 | 1 | 73 | 0.442 | 0.465 |
| Carlos Quentin | 21 | 2004 | LNR,ELP | A+,AA | OF | 108.3 | 0.332 | 21 | 89 | 0.435 | 0.549 |
| Chris B. Young | 22 | 2006 | TUC | AAA | CF | 107.5 | 0.276 | 21 | 77 | 0.363 | 0.532 |
| Jason Conti* | 26 | 2001 | TUC | AAA | OF | 107.3 | 0.331 | 9 | 52 | 0.402 | 0.503 |
| Chad Tracy* | 22 | 2002 | ELP | AA | 3B | 105.7 | 0.344 | 8 | 74 | 0.389 | 0.486 |
| Chris Owings | 21 | 2013 | REN | AAA | SS | 104.7 | 0.330 | 12 | 81 | 0.359 | 0.482 |
| Daniel Palka* | 23 | 2015 | VIS | A+ | RF | 103.6 | 0.280 | 29 | 90 | 0.352 | 0.532 |
| Pitcher | Age | Year | Teams | Levels | FIP | WLSV | ERA | WHIP | BB9 | SO9 |
| Beltran Perez | 19 | 2001 | SBN | A | 2.82 | 12-4 | 2.81 | 1.106 | 2 | 8.8 |
| Edgar Gonzalez | 19 | 2002 | SBN,LNR | A,A+ | 2.86 | 14-8 | 2.64 | 1.160 | 1.9 | 6.8 |
| Chris Capuano* | 21 | 2000 | SBN | A | 2.86 | 10-4 | 2.22 | 1.117 | 4 | 9.3 |
| Billy Spottiswood | 23 | 2008 | SBN | A | 2.39 | 13 | 2.11 | 1.062 | 2.2 | 8.2 |
| T.J. Hose | 23 | 2009 | SBN,VIS | A,A+ | 2.44 | 12 | 2.13 | 1.064 | 2.6 | 10.6 |
| RJ Hively | 24 | 2013 | VIS,SBN | A+,A | 2.56 | 33 | 1.82 | 1.182 | 3.3 | 10.3 |
References and Resources
Bill James Baseball Abstract
About the Author
I am a New Jersey native with a passion for baseball, statistics, computers and video games who enjoys spending quality time with his family.
“Hardball Retroactive”, published in June 2018, is available in paperback and digital (Kindle) format at Amazon.com along with digital eBook format at GooglePlay.com.
“Hardball Retrospective” is available in digital format on Amazon, Barnes and Noble, GooglePlay, iTunes and KoboBooks. The paperback edition is available on Amazon, Barnes and Noble and CreateSpace. Supplemental Statistics, Charts and Graphs along with a discussion forum are offered at TuataraSoftware.com.
Don Daglow (Intellivision World Series Major League Baseball, Earl Weaver Baseball, Tony LaRussa Baseball) contributed the foreword for Hardball Retrospective. The foreword and preview of my book are accessible here.
“Hardball Retrospective – Addendum 2014 to 2016” supplements my research for Hardball Retrospective, providing retroactive standings based on Wins Above Replacement (WAR) and Win Shares (WS) for each “original” team over the past three seasons (2014-2016). Team totals from 2010 – 2013 are included for reference purposes. “Addendum” is available in paperback and digital formats through Amazon, Barnes and Noble and CreateSpace.
